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electron pair is delocalized over the other four carbons. The heterocyclic analogs contain a neutral atom in that place, again bearing lone electron pairs…

characteristic basic properties (alkali-like), which are induced by the lone electron pair of nitrogen. As with acyclic amines, the (Lewis) basic nature of the…

Chemistry of Benzene Substituents When a benzene ring bears enough strongly electron-withdrawing substituents, nucleophilic addition to give an intermediate…

charge on H. Because the electrophilic (H) end of HX is attracted to the electron-rich double bond, these reactions are called electrophilic additions. Hydrohalogen…

sp hybrids. The two perpendicular p orbitals on each carbon contain one electron each. These two sets overlap to form two perpendicular π bonds. Trong ethyn…

hydrogen chro- mate, a powerful oxidant suitable for allylic oxidation of electron-deficient alkenene. Copper(I) salts catalyze thc allylic oxidation of alkenes…

được phân cắt đồng ly để tạo thành các gốc tự do, là những gốc chứa số electron lẻ. Đây là một ví dụ trong đó cấu trúc của một loại hợp chất quyết định…